Lysozyme is added to the milk used for Grana Padano to prevent late blowing, which is a defect where gas-producing bacteria, particularly Clostridium tyrobutyricum, cause swelling, slits, and holes in the cheese during the maturation process. This enzyme, naturally found in egg whites, breast milk, tears, and saliva, has potent antimicrobial properties. It works by hydrolyzing the peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls, effectively killing or inhibiting the growth of these unwanted microorganisms.